Az "Amerika Hangja" - Voice of America - a valasztasrol, Horn
Gyularol.
(Elnezest az esetleges kisbetukert, de az eredeti szoveg csupa
nagybetuvel volt irva, amit at kellett cserelnem.)
Buchwald Amy
date=6/4/94
type=background report
number=5-17396
title=Hungary / Horn
byline=Ron Pemstein
dateline=vienna
content=
voiced at:
Intro: Hungary's Socialist Party has named party chairman Gyula
Horn as its candidate for the country's next prime minister. Ron
Pemstein has a profile of Mr. Horn.
Text: His name will always be connected with the fall of
Eastern Europe's iron curtain. It was Gyula Horn in 1989, as
Hungary's last communist foreign minister who announced the
decision to allow East German refugees to leave Hungary for the
west. The fall of the berlin wall and of East Germany itself
followed in short order.
The changes unleashed by that decision also put Mr. Horn out of
office. In Eastern Europe's first completely free multi-party
election in four decades in 1990, hungarian voters emphatically
put the renamed Socialist Party into opposition.
It was with great satisfaction that Gyula Horn could announce
four years later that the new left had won an absolute majority
in the hungarian parliament. " We are the red devils" he said
sarcastically pointing at his fellow party leaders. Then echoing
the old socialist workers' party slogan, Mr. Horn said " we are a
real peoples party."
During the election campaign, the Alliance of Free Democrats said
it would not consider joining a coalition with the socialists if
Gyula Horn was named prime minister. That's because the 62-year
old Mr. Horn has a long left wing history in Hungary. The free
democrats withdrew that position after the socialists won the
absolute majority. Now, the liberal free democrats must decide
whether to accept Mr. Horn's offer of a coalition government even
though the socialists can easily rule alone.
Mr. Horn is what one Budapest diplomat calls a "pragmatic
apparatchik". His father was a communist supporter of Bela Kun's
attempt to establish a soviet-style dictatorship in Hungary after
world war one. His father was executed by the nazi gestapo
during world war two. When the communists took power, Mr. Horn
was sent to Moscow for higher education and returned to Hungary
in 1954, assigned to the finance ministry.
In his autobiography called "signposts", Mr. Horn describes how
he was drafted into a special police unit during the 1956
hungarian revolution against communism. Mr. Horn admits he
helped save secret police agents from vigilante violence in that
unit.
After the Soviet Union crushed the 1956 revolt, Mr. Horn was
assigned to a special militia unit that stamped out the last
pockets of resistance to the regime. Mr. Horn insists in his
book he only guarded buildings and bridges but he was aware of
the more violent actions of his fellow detectives.
Ever the pragmatist, Mr. Horn says today he will beg forgiveness
at the cemetery where victims of the 1956 revolution are buried.
His police past was used against him last year when he was forced
to resign as chairman of the parliament's foreign relations
committee. Legislation was passed in the last parliament that
would have barred Mr. Horn and other Socialist Party figures from
holding public office. That law directed at former communist
agents is now held up on constitutional grounds and is not likely
to be enforced.
As a diplomat in the foreign ministry and a russian specialist,
Mr. Horn moved up into the Communist Party central committee in
the 1960s. When Hungary's ruling party changed, Mr. Horn says he
changed too, becoming one of the reformers.
The new hungarian prime minister will take office with a bizarre
metal neck brace surrounding his head. Mr. Horn must wear it for
two months following a near fatal auto accident, may sixth. He
was confined to the hospital on election day two days later when
the socialists took their unbeatable lead. (Signed)
neb / rp / bd / sd
04-jun-94 6:24 pm edt (2224 utc)
nnnn
source: voice of america
*****************************************************************
date=6/4/94
type=correspondent report
number=2-159730
title=Hungary / socialists (s only)
byline=Ron Pemstein
dateline=Vienna
content=
voiced at:
Intro: Hungary's Socialist Party has named party leader Gyula
Horn as as its candidate to be the country's next prime minister.
Ron Pemstein reports despite their absolute majority, the
socialists are looking for a coalition partner.
Text: Mr. Horn says the Socialist Party has a consensus on
forming a coalition government and will be offering more cabinet
jobs than its absolute majority would indicate. The party's
prime minister designate says he sent a letter to the second
party in the new parliament, the liberal free democrats,
proposing that coalition talks begin.
The alliance of free democrats meets sunday to decide whether to
accept Mr. Horn's offer. The socialists want a coalition to
ensure passage of tough spending cuts and other difficult
reforms. The free democrats are reluctant to be the junior
partner to the former communists who control 54 percent of the
seats in parliament.
The free democrat leaders say they will insist the socialists
adopt their liberal economic policies as the price for their
support.
At their special congress in Budapest, the socialists formally
nominated Gyula Horn as the country's new prime minister. Mr.
Horn told reporters if the free democrats accept coalition talks
a new government could be in place by late june or early july.
(Signed)
neb / rp / bd / sd
04-jun-94 5:38 pm edt (2138 utc)
nnnn
source: voice of america
*****************************************************************
date= june 7, 1994
type= editorial
number 0-05919
title= elections in Hungary
content= this is the only editorial being released for broadcast
june 7, 1994.
Anncr: next, an editorial reflecting the views of the U.S.
Government.
Voice: On may 8th and may 29th, Hungary held its second
parliamentary elections since the collapse of communism. It is
the first time that Hungary has held two consecutive free
elections. Nearly seventy percent of eligible voters
participated in the first round and fifty-five percent in the
run-off. The sizable voter turnout is a sign of how democracy is
taking hold in the formerly communist country.
The Hungarian Socialist Party won a plurality of the votes
and a majority in the new parliament. Born of the old Communist
Party's reform wing, the Socialist Party made a remarkable
comeback after losing heavily four years ago. The Alliance of
Free Democrats came in second, trailed by the Democratic Forum.
The Democratic Forum, the governing party since 1990, seems to
have taken the brunt of voters' discontent with inflation and
declining living standards. Despite the country's economic
troubles, the Socialist Party and the other major parties
emphasized their support for a democratic Hungary with a
market-based economy. Significantly, none of the extremist
parties on the right or the left received the minimum five
percent of the vote necessary for gaining representation in
parliament.
Five years ago, the leaders of what is now the Socialist
Party played a key role in dismantling one-party rule in Hungary,
Introducing parliamentary democracy and tearing down the iron
curtain along Hungary's border with Austria. The Hungarian
Socialist Party program calls for immediate steps to stabilize
inflation, reduce unemployment and reform the welfare system.
The party is committed to getting Hungary into the European Union
and has promised a nationwide referendum on the question of NATO
membership. It also seeks to improve relations with Hungary's
neighbors.
The United States is pleased that the democratic process is
working in Hungary and looks forward to working with Hungary's
newly elected leaders.
Anncr: That was an editorial reflecting the views of the U.S.
Government.
06-Jun-94 3:36 pm edt (1936 utc)
nnnn
source: voice of america
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